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About Moxibustion.org

Our mission: To provide free, evidence‑based, and clinically reliable information on moxibustion therapy. We bridge the 2,500‑year tradition of East Asian medicine with modern scientific research to empower patients, practitioners, and researchers worldwide.

We believe that moxibustion deserves the same rigorous evaluation as any medical intervention. Every article on this site is rooted in systematic reviews, Cochrane data, and primary clinical research — never anecdote alone.

Founder & Editorial Lead

📚

Swain Leung

Founder & Editor

A dedicated moxibustion enthusiast, Swain Leung curates and reviews all content on Moxibustion.org. His mission is to present the best available evidence from both classical texts and modern clinical research, making reliable moxibustion knowledge accessible to everyone.

Moxibustion Enthusiast Evidence-Based Methodology

Academic References & Advisory Panel

Our content is informed and reviewed against the published works of leading Chinese moxibustion scholars and practitioners. These experts represent the highest standards of acupuncture and moxibustion research and clinical practice. Their textbooks, monographs, and clinical studies serve as the foundation for the information we present.

吴焕淦 (Wu Huangan)

Professor, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Director, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian

Chinese Acupuncture Association Vice President National “973 Program” Chief Scientist

Leading researcher in moxibustion mechanisms and clinical applications.

赵百孝 (Zhao Baixiao)

Professor, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Secretary-General, Moxibustion Branch, CAA ISO International Standard for Moxibustion Devices

陈日新 (Chen Rixin)

Professor, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine

Chairman, Moxibustion Nourishment Committee, CAA

Creator of the Heat-Sensitive Moxibustion Therapy.

沈雪勇 (Shen Xueyong)

Distinguished Professor, Shanghai University of TCM

Chairman, Acupuncture Education Committee, CAA

Proposed the “acupoint resonance for infrared radiation” hypothesis.

吴中朝 (Wu Zhongchao)

Chief Physician, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

President, Moxibustion Branch, Chinese Society of Ethnic Medicine

Central healthcare expert; pain management and health preservation specialist.

常小荣 (Chang Xiaorong)

Professor, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine

Expert in Fascial Moxibustion

Authored Fascial Moxibustion Therapy; long‑term research on moxibustion clinical and experimental studies.

高希言 (Gao Xiyan)

Professor, Henan University of Chinese Medicine

Vice Chairman, Acupuncture Literature Committee, CAA

Expert in moxibustion literature and medical humanities.

周楣声 (Zhou Meisheng, historical)

Late master of moxibustion, author of The Moxibustion Cord (灸绳).

Foundational Text Contributor

His classic work remains a key reference for modern moxibustion practice.

Note: The above scholars are referenced for their published research and educational contributions. Their listing here does not imply direct employment or endorsement of Moxibustion.org. All content is independently produced.

Our Content Production Process

1. Research & Surveillance
Monitor PubMed, Cochrane Library, and major TCM journals for new evidence.
2. Draft Writing
Lead authors draft articles using evidence‑based templates with precise citations.
3. Internal Review
Drafts are compared against key textbooks (e.g., 《中国灸法大全》, 《灸绳》, 《热敏灸疗法》) and clinical guidelines.
4. Final Publication
Content is published and periodically updated as new research emerges.

Data Sources & References

All claims are supported by citations from:

  • Cochrane Library – e.g., 2023 review on moxibustion for breech presentation (Coyle et al.)
  • PubMed / MEDLINE – Over 500 indexed RCTs and systematic reviews on moxibustion
  • World Health Organization (WHO) – Acupuncture and moxibustion indications list
  • Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ICMJE‑compliant journals
  • National Library of Medicine MeSH – Moxibustion definition and classification
  • Authoritative monographs: 《中国灸法大全》 (Ji Kai), 《灸绳》 (Zhou Meisheng), 《热敏灸疗法》 (Chen Rixin), and national planning textbooks.

For a complete list of our references, visit our Research & Evidence hub.

A Brief History of Moxibustion

  • ~500 BCE – Earliest written records of moxibustion appear in the Zuo Zhuan and later the Huangdi Neijing.
  • 3rd century CE – Systematised alongside acupuncture in the classic Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing.
  • 17th–19th centuries – Spreads to Japan, Korea, and Europe.
  • 1950s–1980s – Modern clinical trials begin in China; WHO includes moxibustion in its acupuncture indications.
  • 1998 – First Cochrane protocol on moxibustion for breech presentation.
  • 2000–2010 – Mechanisms (TRPV1, HSP70, artemisinin) identified.
  • 2023 – Updated Cochrane review confirms moderate‑certainty evidence for breech version with BL67 moxibustion.
  • Today – Moxibustion is practiced globally, with growing integration into maternity care and pain management.

Collaborations & Academic Recognition

Our content is used and referenced by:

  • Academic institutions teaching integrative medicine and TCM
  • Midwifery organizations promoting breech‑turning moxibustion
  • Clinical practice guideline developers in Asia and Europe
  • Continuing education providers for licensed acupuncturists

We are grateful to the global moxibustion research community, whose work makes this educational resource possible.

Disclaimer: Moxibustion.org is an educational resource only. The information provided does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional before starting any therapy.

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