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Key Acupoints for Moxibustion: ST36, CV4, GV4 & More
Which acupoints are essential for effective moxibustion?
Six acupoints form the core of clinical moxibustion: ST36 (Zusanli), CV4 (Guanyuan), GV4 (Mingmen), BL23 (Shenshu), SP6 (Sanyinjiao), and CV6 (Qihai). Each point targets a specific vital function—digestion, immunity, reproduction, or energy consolidation—and all respond strongly to sustained thermal stimulation.
These points are selected because they lie on the body’s strongest qi‑bearing pathways and overlie major vascular or nerve plexuses. Moxibustion on these sites produces systemic effects far exceeding local tissue heating. For a guide on how to apply the correct technique to these points, see our moxibustion techniques hub. For an introduction to point selection logic, visit moxibustion benefits.
How to locate and warm ST36 (Zusanli) with moxibustion?
Locate ST36 four finger‑widths below the knee cap, one finger lateral to the tibial crest. Palpate the depression and apply a moxa stick 2–3 cm above the point. Warm for 15–20 minutes with circles or pecking to tonify qi, strengthen immunity, and relieve fatigue.
ST36 is the master point of the stomach meridian and the most researched acupoint for moxibustion. Studies show that warming ST36 increases natural killer cell activity and reduces systemic inflammation markers. It is suitable for almost all deficiency patterns and is safe for long‑term home use under proper instruction [1]. For more on distance and timing, see our guide on moxibustion duration & distance.
What is the function of CV4 (Guanyuan) in moxibustion therapy?
CV4 sits on the midline three finger‑widths below the navel. Moxibustion on CV4 tonifies kidney yang, nourishes the body’s fundamental energy, and regulates menstruation and fertility. The deep warmth penetrates the lower abdomen, improving pelvic blood flow and hormonal signalling.
CV4 is the front‑mu point of the small intestine and a major intersection of the body’s yin channels. It is the primary point for gynaecological and urogenital moxibustion, particularly in cold‑deficient patterns. Treatment lasts 15–20 minutes, and the heat should feel as though it spreads downward to the perineum. For a full discussion of sensation and response, read our article on moxibustion heat sensation.
How to stimulate GV4 (Mingmen) with moxa to strengthen yang?
GV4 lies on the midline of the lower back, level with the waist, between the second and third lumbar vertebrae. Identify the point in the hollow felt when standing upright. Moxibustion at GV4 warms the kidney yang, strengthens the spine, and alleviates chronic fatigue.
GV4 is the “Gate of Life” and the most powerful yang‑tonifying point in the body. Practitioners apply a moxa stick or box for 20–25 minutes until the heat radiates deep into the lumbar region. This point is particularly effective for cold‑type back pain, impotence, and exhaustion. For technique parameters, see moxibustion duration & distance.
Why is BL23 (Shenshu) a key point for kidney yang moxibustion?
BL23 lies 1.5 finger‑widths lateral to the lower border of the second lumbar vertebra, directly over the kidney organ. Moxibustion at BL23 reinforces kidney yang, strengthens the bones, and treats chronic low‑back pain, frequent urination, and declining vitality in ageing.
BL23 is the back‑shu point of the kidney and is almost always paired with GV4 to create a powerful warming field across the lumbar spine. The practitioner may use two moxa sticks simultaneously or a moxa box covering both sides. For more on multi‑point strategies, see the techniques hub. For safety around the back, refer to moxibustion safety.
How does moxibustion on SP6 (Sanyinjiao) regulate gynaecological health?
SP6 (Sanyinjiao) sits four finger‑widths above the inner ankle bone, behind the tibia. Moxibustion at SP6 regulates menstruation, alleviates dysmenorrhea, and supports fertility by balancing the liver, spleen, and kidney meridians. Warm the point gently for 15 minutes per side.
SP6 is the intersection of the three leg yin channels, making it a central point for all female hormonal conditions. However, it must be used cautiously during pregnancy as it may stimulate uterine contractions, especially in the third trimester. A qualified practitioner should assess the stage of pregnancy before selecting SP6. For more on pregnancy‑safe practices, see our guide on moxibustion pregnancy safety.
What is CV6 (Qihai) and how does moxibustion on it boost qi?
CV6 (Qihai) is on the midline two finger‑widths below the navel. Its name means “Sea of Qi.” Moxibustion on CV6 replenishes overall qi, strengthens the respiratory and digestive systems, and consolidates energy in states of deep exhaustion or chronic illness.
CV6 is often combined with CV4 and ST36 in a classic trio for severe deficiency. The practitioner warms the point with a moxa stick for 15–20 minutes, monitoring for a sense of fullness and warmth that spreads across the entire lower abdomen. This combination is frequently prescribed for post‑operative recovery or long‑term fatigue. For a detailed point‑combination protocol, visit moxibustion for chronic fatigue syndrome.
At a glance: Core moxibustion acupoints and their uses
| Acupoint | Location | Primary Action | Typical Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST36 (Zusanli) | Below knee, lateral to tibia | Tonifies qi, strengthens immunity | 15–20 min |
| CV4 (Guanyuan) | 3 finger‑widths below navel | Warms kidney yang, regulates reproduction | 15–20 min |
| GV4 (Mingmen) | Lower back, L2–L3 level | Strengthens yang, relieves back pain | 20–25 min |
| BL23 (Shenshu) | 1.5 finger‑widths lateral to L2 | Reinforces kidney, supports bones | 15–20 min |
| SP6 (Sanyinjiao) | 4 finger‑widths above inner ankle | Regulates menstruation, balances hormones | 15 min per side |
| CV6 (Qihai) | 2 finger‑widths below navel | Replenishes qi, consolidates energy | 15–20 min |
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References
- Xu PC, et al. Impacts on the skin temperature by the different distances of moxibustion. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Jul;32(7):611‑4. PMID: 22997790. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22997790/
Disclaimer: This content is provided for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Moxibustion should only be performed by qualified practitioners or under their direct guidance. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional before beginning any new therapy. The acupoint information presented here is based on traditional Chinese medicine and current clinical evidence.
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